Transhumanism

Transhumanism is a political and philosophical movement that advocates the enhancement of the human condition by developing and making widely available new and future technologies to enhance longevity, cognition, and well-being. It rose in prominence in early-24th-century Visala. Transhumanism is characterized by support for eugenics, natalism, reactionary modernism and technological utopianism. Opposed to bioconservatism, neo-Luddism and liberalism, transhumanism is generally considered on the far-right of the traditional left–right spectrum, although that positioning is debated by scholars.

Comparison with fascism

Transhumanism shares certain similarities with fascism according to most scholars. Both ideologies emphasize reactionary modernism, a form of modernism that condemns liberal or conservative values of tradition while promoting a technological-martial doctrine of national renewal that emphasizes militant nationalism. According to the Qymish historian Valir Peshav, transhumanism and fascism share the "desire to recreate humanity," and are "essentially variants of one another".

This view is disputed by the Haynadurian scholar Bandhitakara Ghatanat, who claims the two ideologies differ in their core beliefs regarding humanity. She argues transhumanism rejects scientific racism and does not inherently discriminate based on racial and national characteristics of human groups, but rather does so on ideal traits and capabilities of a single human race. She states, "transhumanists believe there are three stages of human advancement, the natural state of 'human', the engineered 'transhuman' and the desired ideal of 'posthuman', while fascists believe their master race or nation is already superior and the peak of humanity."

Ghatanat views the national feeling of Genonian superiority as merely "the natural realization of a more technologically advanced society towards those they perceive as embracing primitivism by their refusal to apply transhumanism themselves." She compares their sentiment to that of "an educated city-dweller in a modern society looking on at home-schooling and anti-vaccine parents," arguing the sentiment felt is pity and incomprehension, not hatred. In contrast, Ghatanat views fascism as a manifestation of a superiority complex and is "essentially a political defense mechanism to cope for their own personal failures and inadequacies." She summarizes the differences between transhumanism and fascism by stating: "transhumanists strive to become superior humans by acknowledging and fixing their perceived inadequacies, often overlooking ethics, while fascists delude themselves into believing they are already superior humans while blaming their perceived inadequacies on others."